Python Code Golf Cheat Sheet

Operator#

Negating Boolean#

if not C:
if C<1:
if~-C:

And operator#

if a and b:
if a*b:

if i==4 and j==4:
if i==4and j==4:
if(i,j)==(4,4):
if i==j==4:

Increment or decrement 1 in statement#

c/(n-1)
c/~-n

c/(n+1)
c/-~n

while n-1:
while~-n:

or n+1
or-~n

While n!=1#

while n!=1:
while n-1:
while~-n:

shorter than the list selection#

[0,y][b] -> y*b
[1,y][b] -> y**b
[x,1][b] -> b or x
[x,x+1][b] -> x+b
[x,x-1][b] -> x-b
[1,-1][b] -> 1|-b
[x,~x][b] -> x^-b

Ceil and Floor#

math.floor(n)
n//1

math.ceil(n)
-(-n//1)

Types#

Check type of a variable#

x*0is 0 # integer
x*0=="" # string
x*0==[] # array

Convert integer to string#

str(n)
`n`

Join list of string or integer#

L=['a', 'b', 'c']
''.join(L)
`L`[2::5]

L=[1, 2, 3]
`L`[1::3]

2 String same length or 1 length diff#

'ftarlusee'[C::2]

List all substrings#

# with repeat
f=lambda s:[*s]and[s]+f(s[1:])+f(s[:-1])

# avoid repeat
f=lambda s:{*s}and{s}|f(s[1:])|f(s[:-1])

Iterable & Iterator#

List of range#

L=list(range(10))
*L,=range(10)

Get last and first element from a list#

e=L[-1]
*_,e=L

e=(L)[0]
e,*_=L

Append and Extend to list#

L.append(e)  
L+=e,

L.extend(e)
L+=e

For in range#

for i in range(x):pass

# if x less than 4
for x in 0,1,2:pass

# if don't use i
for _ in[0]*x:pass

# for use twice
r=0,
for _ in r*x:pass
for _ in r*-~x:pass

# use exec with multiply string
exec'pass;'*x

Multiple numerical loops#

for i in range(m):
 for j in range(n):
  do_stuff(i,j)

for k in range(m*n):
 do_stuff(k/n,k%n)

# Three loop
for i in range(m):
 for j in range(n):
  for l in range(o):
    do_stuff(i,j,l)

for k in range(m*n*b):
 do_stuff(k/n/o,k%(n*o)/o,k%o)

Check element in iterable#

if e in S
if{e}&S

Reverse List#

L.reverse()
L[::-1]

Check negative integer in a list#

min(L)<0
'-'in`L`

Checking the length of a list#

a==[] # a is empty
[]==a # for [] in the front and reduce 1 space
a # a is not empty
a>a[:i] # len(a) < i

Copy/Clone a list#

a=x[:]
b=[*x]
c=x*1

Multiple if statements in comprehensions#

[a for a in 'abc'if cond1()and cond2()or cond3()and cond4()and cond5()]
[a for a in 'abc'if cond1()if cond2()or cond3()if cond4()if cond5()]

Split into chunks#

l=(n for n in range(18))
zip(*[l]*4)

Unpack generator#

set(G)
{*G}

list(G)
[*G]
*L,=G

tuple(G)
(*G,)
T=*G,

Others#

Reading from stdin#

import os;A=os.read(0,9**9)
import os;A=os.read(0,99) # input is always less than 100 bytes.

Multiline input to list#

list(sys.stdin.readlines())

eof='' # End of line you want to stop
list(iter(input,eof))

Import when use once#

import itertools
itertools.groupby()

__import__("itertools").groupby()

Reference#

• https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/54/tips-for-golfing-in-python

• https://noe.mearie.org/python_code_golfing_tips/